Thermal imaging

Hikvision has partnered with specialist Swiss real-time condition monitoring solution provider, DAPONA. The collaboration enables DAPONA to incorporate intelligent thermal cameras into their real-time condition monitoring solution, which protects industrial sites such as sawmills and wood processing companies. This enables DAPONA to further reduce the risks associated with fire, smoke, and excessive heat. DAPONA solution The DAPONA solution is a simple and intuitive cloud-based system for creating graphical dashboards to display data from multiple types of sensors in real time.  These holistic dashboards can be viewed on multiple different devices, such as a computer or a mobile device. Should the sensors detect an anomaly, the system can be configured to issue alerts in multiple ways. Hikvision HeatPro Series cameras Hikvision HeatPro Series cameras are primarily used to detect areas within the building Hikvision HeatPro Series cameras are primarily used to detect areas within the building which are overheating, or invisible defects in machinery and electrical systems. Their professional thermal imaging capabilities are particularly important for monitoring areas that are difficult to reach using conventional measuring tools and sensors. Hikvision’s excellent technical team “As a company we are dedicated to providing a holistic solution for our customers using the very best technologies available”, says Alexander Fritz, DAPONA’ CTO and co-founder. “Working closely with Hikvision’s excellent and extremely supportive technical team in China, this collaboration has enabled us to help customers reduce significantly the risks of fire and mechanical failure.” Hikvision’s partnership with DAPONA Felix Fu, Global Technology Partner Alliance Manager at Hikvision, adds: “Hikvision’s partnership with DAPONA is an excellent example of how intelligent thermal monitoring technology can be used to protect buildings from the risks of fire." "Working with DAPONA we can provide companies with a comprehensive risk mitigation solution which augments data provided by our intelligent thermal cameras with that from other types of specialist sensors.”

Detection Technology, a pioneer in X‑ray detector solutions, announces the launch of a first‑of‑its‑kind X‑Panel 2520z FOM flat panel detector designed to elevate dental imaging. This trend‑setting 25 cm x 20 cm detector is the first on the market to feature advanced IGZO‑TFT technology at this size, delivering a significantly larger field of view (FOV) and enhanced image quality compared to traditional a‑Si panels. X-Panel 2520z FOM features The X-Panel 2520z FOM sets a new benchmark in dental imaging with its advanced features: Enhanced field of view and resolution: An imaging area that is 95% larger with a resolution improvement of 30% when comparing to traditional a-Si panels, enabling the capture of full-resolution CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography) scans with exceptional clarity. Accelerated imaging speed: With a frame rate of 25 fps (1x1) and 50 fps (2x2)—double that of conventional a-Si panels—this detector speeds up workflow without compromising image quality. Superior low-dose performance: The low-noise IGZO-TFT technology reduces electronic noise by approximately 50%, ensuring clearer images even at reduced radiation doses. Robust data handling: An integrated image buffer allows the entire scan to be stored in internal memory, minimising the risk of data loss during critical procedures. Compliance and sustainability: A lead-free version of the detector is available, ensuring full compliance with RoHS directives without exemptions. Diverse needs for dental imaging X-Panel 2520z FOM is created for dental CBCT imaging, offering wide imaging abilities The X-Panel 2520z FOM is designed primarily for dental CBCT imaging, offering expansive imaging capabilities. In addition to CBCT, it also provides versatility for panoramic imaging and has potential for cephalometric applications, meeting the diverse needs of dental imaging. The X‑Panel 2520z FOM is available in two variants, including a lead‑free version, ensuring full compliance with the RoHS directive without exemptions. These tailored options provide dental imaging OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers) with the flexibility to select the configuration that best meets their specific performance, cost, and regulatory requirements. Demand for imaging solutions "Building on the success of previous products like the X-Panel 1717z FDM, we are expanding our portfolio further to meet the growing market demand for complete and versatile imaging solutions." "The industry’s push for a larger FOV is met head-on with this new model,” says Tuomas Holma, Product Director at Detection Technology. Future of dental imaging Holma added: "Our commitment to local manufacturing and comprehensive service—across Finland and China, and a growing presence in India—ensures shorter response and delivery times, and cost-effective local product solutions, all while maintaining high standards of quality. Our strong brand image, built on high performance, reliability, and user-friendliness, makes us the preferred partner for dental imaging OEMs." Evaluation units will be available in Q2 2025. Detection Technology will showcase the X-Panel 2520z FOM and its key features at the IDS exhibition in Cologne, Germany, from March 25–29, 2025. Visit the team at stand T049 to experience the future of dental imaging firsthand.

RISCO has announced the release of its revolutionary wireless LuNAR FireWatch, a three-in-one smoke, heat and PIR detector designed for optimum safety and security. The device signifies a breakthrough for the security industry, as it combines the functions of three individual functions into one cohesive, streamlined detection solution. safety and security device The wireless LuNAR FireWatch is designed for ceiling mounting, prioritising improved detection coverage and minimising blind spots. The intelligent design ensures the technology remains resistant against tampering or damage. Its powerful combination of PIR, smoke and heat detection offers the ultimate combined safety and security device for any residential or commercial space. Features of Wireless LuNAR FireWatch The state-of-the-art features of the wireless LuNAR FireWatch include early detection with four heat sensors The state-of-the-art features of the wireless LuNAR FireWatch include early detection with four heat sensors, high false-alarm immunity, 360º overview with dual element pyroelectric technology and a wide 110º angle, and a visual LED indicating alarms, standby mode, and low battery status. The built-in test mode ensures seamless operational efficiency. "Our vision at RISCO is to provide comprehensive safety solutions seamlessly integrated with our security systems, and the wireless LuNAR FireWatch is testament to this mission. This product has been designed to keep in mind cost-effectiveness. You have three important safety and security features packed into a single, efficient device and allows for faster and easier installations," says Dave Tate, Commercial Director, RISCO UK. "It represents a new standard in fire and intrusion safety, highlighting RISCO’s position at the forefront of the security systems industry." RISCO’s LightSYS+ and LightSYS Air security systems The aesthetically pleasing design of this device makes it easy to incorporate into any environment, whilst ensuring exceptional safety measures. Simple installation and testing processes mean that anyone – from everyday homeowners to large-scale business operators – can benefit from the advanced safeguards provided by the wireless LuNAR FireWatch. Compatible with RISCO’s LightSYS+ and LightSYS Air security systems, the LuNAR FireWatch is available for purchase now. Further technical information can be retrieved from the RISCO website.

Teledyne FLIR OEM, part of Teledyne Technologies Incorporated, announces the availability of radiometric models of its high-performance Boson®+ thermal and Hadron™ 640R+ dual thermal-visible camera modules. Built for defense and industrial applications with size, weight, and power (SWaP) optimisation, the NDAA compliant and ITAR-free radiometric Boson+ and Hadron models provide real-time temperature measurement of every pixel within a scene. Unmanned ground vehicles “The radiometric Boson+ and Hadron 640R+ models, which already provide industry leading thermal sensitivity of 20 millikelvin (mK), or better, expand the mission set for infrared product developers and integrators,” said Dan Walker, vice president product management, Teledyne FLIR OEM. “They are optimised for unmanned ground vehicles (UGV), unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), security applications, handhelds, thermal sights, and emerging AI applications using Teledyne FLIR Prism™ embedded software.” Maximum integration flexibility The eight new radiometric Boson+ models include 640 x 512 and 320 x 256 LWIR resolution options The eight new radiometric Boson+ models include 640 x 512 and 320 x 256 longwave infrared (LWIR) resolution options, multiple lens options, and shared mechanical and electrical interfaces with the existing non-radiometric Boson+.  Automatic gain control (AGC) and direct data entry plus (DDE+) deliver dramatically enhanced scene contrast and sharpness, including lower video latency that enhances tracking, seeker performance, and decision support, day or night. The Boson+ also features multiple video output interfaces, including USB, CMOS, and MIPI for maximum integration flexibility. Unmanned aerial applications In addition to an integrated radiometric 640x512 resolution Boson+, the new Hadron 640R+ is also equipped with a 64MP visible camera, featuring dual 60 Hz video output via USP or MIPI. At 56 grams and with an IP54-rating for dust and water protection in the elements At 56 grams and with an IP54-rating for dust and water protection in the elements, the dual-sensor payload offers longer flight time and extended battery life for unmanned aerial applications. All Boson+ and Hadron 640+ models are compatible with Teledyne FLIR OEM’s Prism AI detection, tracking, and classification models along with Prism ISP libraries for super-resolution, turbulence mitigation, contrast enhancement, and more. Minimising development cost With drivers available for market pioneer processors from NVIDIA®, Qualcomm®, and more, plus industry-pioneer integration support from Teledyne FLIR OEM, they minimise development cost and time to market. Furthermore, Prism can be quickly evaluated with the Hadron 640R+ using the Prism Development Kit for Qualcomm RB5. The Hadron 640R+ and Boson+ radiometric camera module products are all dual use and classified under U.S. Department of Commerce as ECCN 6A003.b.4. They are available for purchase globally from Teledyne FLIR OEM and its authorised dealers.

There’s a new security paradigm emerging across malls, server farms, smart office buildings, and warehouses, and its advantage over the status quo are so broad they are impossible to ignore. Instead of a lecture, let’s start with a short narrative scenario to illustrate my point. Darryl's work Darryl works as a security guard at the Eastwood Mall. Like any typical evening, tonight’s shift begins at 9:30 PM, as the stores close and the crowds thin. His first task: Ensure that by 10 pm, all mall visitors have actually left and that all doors, windows, and docks are locked securely. As he walks through most major areas throughout the mall, he checks them off his list. All’s quiet, so after a 45-minute patrol, he stops for a quick coffee break before heading out again. He repeats the process throughout the night, happy to finish each round’s checklist and rest his feet for a few minutes. Challenge: Vandalism during the shift  A few cameras located sporadically throughout the mall recorded two dark figures moving in and out of the shadows As usual, there’s nothing notable to report, he clocks out and heads home. The next morning, however, he's greeted by an angry mall manager. He learns that sometime during his shift, three stores were robbed and a back hallway vandalised. A few closed-circuit cameras located sporadically throughout the mall recorded two dark figures moving in and out of the shadows at about 4 am. The mall manager demands an explanation, and Daryl has none, “They must have been hiding during closing time and then waited for me to pass before acting,” he says. “I can only be in one place at one time. And if they were hiding in a dark hallway, I would never have seen them.” Theft explanation “Actually,” explains the manager, “we found a loading door ajar near the furniture store. We’re guessing that’s how they got in, but we can’t be sure. Do you check all the docks? We need to know if we need to replace a lock. Look at your logs - tell me exactly what you saw and when.” Daryl tries to recall. “I'm pretty sure I checked that one a couple of times. I checked it off my list.” Darrell decides not to mention that at 4:00 AM, he was feeling the night's fatigue and might have skipped that area a couple of times. That's the end of our tale. Poor Daryl is not a bad security guard, but he’s only human. His job is repetitive and unstimulating. Darryl's work log He checks off each location for the record, but there's no way for him to record the thousands of details Let’s discuss his hourly log. He checks off each location for the record, but there's no way for him to record the thousands of details he sees to later zoom in on the few observations that might be helpful for an investigation. He has walked by that loading dock door hundreds of times, and it's all a blur. This isn’t an unusual story; Darryl is doing the same job that humans have been doing in almost precisely the same way for millennia. And, like last night, the criminals have always found a way to avoid them. But there is a better way. Solution: Fully-automated indoor drone   Replacing a human guard with a fully-automated indoor drone eliminates virtually all the problems we've identified in this story as it flies through the facility: Drone teams can work 24/7: While each drone needs to dock to recharge its battery periodically, a fleet working in concert can patrol around the clock in multiple areas simultaneously. This makes it much more difficult for an intruder to move freely, without risk of discovery. A drone can even keep an eye out and keep recording while docked. Drones see and log everything: Everything is recorded and stored in full detail as they compare what they see with what they expect to see High-resolution onboard cameras and ultrasensitive sensors can detect heat, movement, and moisture, and see into dark areas much more effectively than the human eye. As they aren't limited to the floor, they can also fly high in the air to look above obstacles and at high windows or warehouse shelves. And they don’t lose focus or get bored as the night drags on: Everything is recorded and stored in full detail as they compare what they see with what they expect to see based on a previous flight. Anything unusual triggers an alert. Drones don’t need vacations, snack/bathroom breaks, or new-recruit training: Without the need to deal with biological requirements, you aren't paying for non-work hours, and there’s no overtime for extra hours or holiday shifts. In a high-turnover business like security, there's no time spent training new employees; adding drones to your fleet simply means installing your existing procedures onto each. There is certainly room for judgment calls that require human intervention, but these can often be handled remotely using a control panel that provides all relevant data and alerts from the drones on duty. That means no scrambling to the office in the middle of the night for a false alarm. Drones outshine stationary cameras and the people staring at those screens: A guard in the security office staring at dozens of these screens usually loses their attention span throughout the shift Close-circuit cameras are expensive to install, maintain, and periodically replace. In addition, they are limited in their scope and, almost by definition, leave large blind spots. A guard in the security office staring at dozens of these screens (that generally show nothing notable) usually loses their attention span throughout the shift. Conclusion  In short, there is a good reason that our industry is following close on the heels of the manufacturing industry, which has been eagerly adopting robotics as a more cost-effective and precise solution for years. It is simply becoming harder and harder to justify the expense of the traditionally error-prone and monotonous work that we ask of our security guards.

The last year revolutionised the way people work. When offices transitioned to work-from-home and worksites implemented social distancing, the security industry saw an overnight shift in what technologies our customers wanted. Now that businesses are bringing employees back to work in-person, management has broadened their focus to include healthy access in their security plans. Healthy access is a modern security concept that uses the latest technologies to blend employee and visitor health with automated security and digital transformation. This year, more leaders than ever are concerned with the health of their people – for good reason. Touchless Solutions Touchless solutions are at the forefront of security conversations because, suddenly, no one wants to touch anything in public. As a result, biometric solutions using face recognition have adapted to deliver a powerful and highly effective trifecta of solutions for physical security, health and workforce management. Face recognition is now considered to be the most accurate non-invasive method to identify and authenticate individuals Face recognition is now considered to be the most accurate non-invasive method to identify and authenticate individuals. Ongoing improvements like smarter algorithms, neural networks and artificial intelligence (AI) continue to improve face recognition’s performance. Well-known enhancements like faster processing and better camera functionality are quality-of-life improvements for traditional face recognition applications. Other advancements – like mask detection, face recognition while wearing a mask, mobile enrolment and more – are unique additions to this technology that effectively answer the needs of today without adding complex workflows. Biometric Face Recognition for Physical Security Even as pandemic mask restrictions lift, many businesses still require people to wear face masks to enter their facilities – a policy that will be with us for years to come. The sudden requirement for face masks in public stimulated the rapid development of a new face recognition application where security systems need to authenticate people with half their face covered. The ability to use a person’s biometrics to gain access eliminates the need for PINs or cards that can be forgotten, shared or stolen, so businesses familiar with the high security of biometrics cannot turn to less-secure means of authentication, and fingerprint is not a feasible option because that technology involves touching shared surfaces. Face recognition while wearing a mask is a highly relevant, timely advancement for businesses that need high security at their entry doors without compromising on mask mandates or personal comfort levels with illness avoidance. Biometric Face Recognition for Health Face recognition is touchless by nature and took centre stage during the pandemic Face recognition is touchless by nature and took centre stage during the pandemic as buildings migrated to contactless security to limit the spread of surface-borne illnesses. As more businesses reopen and bring office staff back, the demand for this fast, easy-to-use and touchless technology will continue to surge. Additionally, advanced face recognition solutions can be enhanced with thermographic cameras for elevated body temperature detection, which enables businesses to limit access to only people with healthy temperatures and prove that they are protecting healthy staff. To adhere to social distancing guidelines, businesses can take advantage of our society’s affinity for mobile apps. Remote enrolment is a feature of high-end face recognition solutions where people can enrol their faces using their phones – limiting the amount of time spent waiting in line, standing in front of a device or interacting with other people. Some solutions are also integrated with attestation questionnaires that allow people to self-declare symptoms or exposure to illnesses, which can help businesses make informed decisions to protect the health of their staff. The more your solution can accomplish, the more confidence your personnel can have that they are healthy at your building. Biometric Face Recognition for Workforce Management Returning to work is now a monumental undertaking. One of the biggest challenges for business owners is balancing hybrid work-from-home schedules and socially distanced in-person shifts. Every business will have a unique approach to what work in a post-pandemic world looks like. Touchless, mask-inclusive technology and attestation are user-friendly solutions that help businesses protect staff health This adds a new layer of complexity to shift scheduling that management must address to maintain the simplicity of shift changes and accuracy of time tracking. Touchless, mask-inclusive technology and attestation are user-friendly solutions that help businesses follow mask rules, ensure high security, protect staff health and keep shift changes fast and easy. Advancements in face recognition align with the timing of getting employees back to work because of work done by proactive security leaders. The “face” of biometrics has forever changed. This industry is no longer represented by antiquated fingerprint technology. Instead, we are represented by modern, accessible face recognition with room to grow for physical security, health and workforce management – the trifecta of healthy buildings.

James Twigg is the Managing Director of Total Integrated Solutions (TIS), an independent life safety, security and communication systems integrator, specialising in design & consultancy, technology and regulatory compliance. Total Integrated Solutions work primarily with retirement villages, helping to ensure the safety of residents in numerous retirement villages across the country. In this opinion piece, James shares how smart technology is helping security teams and care staff alike in ensuring the safety and security of their spaces, amid the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Impact of smart technology Smart technology is having an impact on pretty much every aspect of our lives Smart technology is having an impact on pretty much every aspect of our lives. From how we travel, to how we work, to how we run our homes. It’s not unusual to have Alexa waking us up and ordering our groceries or Nest to be regulating the temperature and energy in our homes. And while there’s a popular misconception that people in their later years are allergic to technology, retirement villages and care homes are experiencing significant innovation too. And the result is not only improved quality of life for residents, but also improved safety and security systems for management teams. Switching to converged IP systems I’ve been working in the life safety and security industry for over fifteen years. When I first joined TIS, much of the sector was still very analogue, in terms of the technology being installed and maintained. Slowly but surely, we’ve been consulting and advising customers on how to design, install and maintain converged IP systems that all talk to each other and work in tandem. I'm excited to say retirement villages are some of the top spaces leading the way, in terms of technological advancement. Improving the quality of life for residents A move into a retirement village can be daunting and one of the key concerns that we hear about is the loss of independence. No one wants to feel like they are being monitored or to have someone constantly hovering over them. One of the ways we’ve used smart technology to maintain residents' independence is through devices, such as health monitors and motion sensors. For example, instead of having a member of staff check-in on residents every morning, to ensure they are well, sensors and analytics can automatically detect changes in routine and alert staff to possible problems. Similarly, wearable tech, such as smart watches give residents a chance to let staff know they are okay, without having to tell them face-to-face. As our retirement village customers have told us, a simple ‘I’m okay’ command can be the difference between someone feeling independent versus someone feeling monitored. Simplifying and improving security systems Smart technology gives care staff and security oversight of the needs of residents For the teams responsible for the safety of the people, places and spaces within retirement villages, smart technology is helping to improve and simplify their jobs. Smart technology gives care staff and security oversight of the needs of residents, and ensures rapid response if notified by an emergency alert, ensuring they know the exact location of the resident in need. And without the need to go and physically check-in on every resident, staff and management can ensure staff time is being used effectively. Resources can be distributed where they are needed to ensure the safety and wellbeing of those residents who need extra consideration. 24/7 surveillance When planning the safety and security for retirement villages, and other residential spaces, it’s no use having traditional systems that only work effectively for 12 hours a day or need to update during the evening. Surveillance needs to be 24/7 and smart technology allows that without the physical intrusion into people’s spaces and daily lives. Smart technology ensures that systems speak to each other and are easily and effectively managed on one integrated system. This includes video surveillance, which has also become much more effective as a result of advanced video analytics, which automatically warn staff of suspicious behaviour. Securing spaces amid COVID-19 This year has, of course, brought new challenges for safety. COVID-19 hit the retirement and residential care sectors hard, first with the initial wave of infections in mid-2020 and then, with the subsequent loneliness caused by the necessary separation of families. As essential workers, we worked closely with our customers to make sure they had everything they needed As essential workers, we worked closely with our customers to make sure they had everything they needed during this time, equipping residents with tablet devices to ensure they could stay connected with their families and friends. It allowed residents to keep in touch without risking transferring the virus. Thermal cameras and mask detection And now that we’re emerging out of COVID-19 restrictions and most residents can see their families again, we’re installing systems like thermal cameras and mask detection, so as to ensure that security will be alerted to anyone in the space experiencing a high temperature or not wearing proper PPE. Such steps give staff and families alike, the peace-of-mind that operational teams will be alerted at the earliest possible moment, should a COVID-19 risk appear. Thinking ahead to the next fifteen years, I’m excited at the prospect of further technological advancements in this space. Because at the end of the day, it’s not about how complex your security system is or how you compete in the industry. It’s about helping teams to protect the people, spaces and places that matter. I see smart technology playing a huge role in that for years to come.

Thermal cameras can be used for rapid and safe initial temperature screening of staff, visitors and customers. Used the right way, the cameras can help prevent unnecessary spread of viruses like the novel coronavirus. During the global pandemic, use of thermal cameras has increased, but they have not always been used correctly, and therefore, not effectively. Hikvision’s temperature screening thermal products are currently assisting users in initial temperature screening across the global market. During 2020, demand increased in most markets, and the company highly recommends that Hikvision’s thermographic cameras be used in accordance with local laws and regulations. Limitations of the technology include throughput and the impact of ambient conditions. Detect viruses and fever Hikvision releases a video that illustrates how skin temperature measurements are normalised within minutes Thermal cameras cannot detect viruses and fever and should only be used as a first line of screening before using secondary measures to confirm, says Stefan Li, Thermal Product Director at Hikvision. “We also believe it is important for businesses and authorities to use [thermal cameras] alongside a full programme of additional health and safety procedures, which includes handwashing, regular disinfection of surfaces, wearing protective clothing such as masks, and social distancing.” Hikvision has released a video that illustrates how skin temperature measurements are normalised within minutes after someone emerges from the cold. Mr. Li says the video demonstrates the accuracy of forehead measurement under difficult circumstances when people come inside from a cold outdoor environment. Temperature screening facilities “There have been some claims that measuring the forehead temperature is not as accurate as measuring the inner canthus, and we believe this video demonstrates the accuracy of forehead measurement very well,” he says. “We also illustrate how the skin temperature will experience a process of recovery (warming up), no matter if it is measured by a thermal camera or a thermometer.” Mr. Li adds that people should wait five minutes in such circumstances before starting a temperature measurement. “We hope that stakeholders who are involved in the design of temperature screening facilities and associated health and safety procedures will recognise how important it is to consider the skin temperature recovery time, and that forehead measurement can provide accurate test results,” says Mr. Li. Thermal imaging manufacturers The algorithm is based on a large number of test results to obtain a value that tends to be dynamically balanced The temperature measurement principle of thermal imaging is to detect the heat radiation emitted by the human body. The detected heat value often does not reflect the true internal body temperature of an individual. Furthermore, the temperature varies among different parts of the human, such as the forehead, ears, underarms, etc. A temperature compensation algorithm can be used to adjust the measured skin temperature to align with the internal body temperature. The algorithm is based on a large number of test results to obtain a value that tends to be dynamically balanced. At present, thermal imaging manufacturers in the market, and even forehead thermometer manufacturers, have developed their own algorithms to map the skin temperature measured by the camera to the internal body temperature, so as to compensate the skin temperature to the internal body temperature. Thermal cameras This is also why Hikvision recommends that the "actual body temperature" should be checked with a secondary device for confirmation. The calibration work for a thermal camera is completed in the production process at the factory, including calibration of reference values and detection point and so on. At the same time, the equipment parameters should be adjusted before on-site use to ensure accurate temperature reads. Hikvision does not deny the accuracy of temperature measurement at the inner canthus but prefers forehead temperature measurement and algorithms based on actual use scenarios, says Mr. Li. A large amount of test data and practical results indicates that the forehead is a correct and easy-to-use temperature measurement area, says the company. There are advantages and disadvantages of choosing different facial areas for temperature measurement. Default compensation temperature Two main approaches direct the measurement area and how compensation algorithms are applied: Forehead area + default forehead compensation algorithm value Upper half face (forehead + canthus) + default inner canthus compensation algorithm value. Both methods deploy compensation algorithms, but the default compensation temperature of the inner canthus will be less than the default compensation temperature of the forehead, generally speaking. The reason is that the temperature of the inner canthus of most people is higher than their forehead, so the temperature compensation is relatively low (i.e., closer to the actual temperature inside the body.) Upper face area Hikvision found that selecting the upper face area plus the default compensation value for the inner canthus resulted in situations when the calculated temperature is lower than the actual temperature. For the Hikvision solution, the forehead is a relatively obvious and easy-to-capture area on an entire face Mr. Li explains: “The reason is that when the camera cannot capture the position of the inner canthus (for example, when a person is walking, or the face is not facing the camera), the camera will automatically capture the temperature of the forehead. Then the result that appears is the sum of the forehead temperature plus the default compensation temperature of the inner canthus, which is lower than the actual temperature of the person being measured. Therefore, errors are prone to occur.” Thermal imaging products But for the Hikvision solution, the forehead is a relatively obvious and easy-to-capture area on an entire face. Also, the default forehead compensation temperature is based on rigorous testing and can also correctly mimic the actual temperature of the person being measured, says Mr. Li. After many test comparisons, considering that the results of forehead temperature measurement are relatively more stable, and in order to avoid the false results from inner canthus temperature measurement, Hikvision chose the forehead temperature measurement approach. “We look forward to bringing thermal imaging products from a niche market where there is a relatively high-end industry application to a mass market and serving more users,” says Mr. Li. Facial recognition terminals Additional application parameters can maximise effectiveness of thermal cameras for measuring body temperature: Positioning and height - All cameras must be mounted appropriately to avoid loss of accuracy and performance. The installation height of each camera must be adjusted according to camera resolution and focal length, and stable installation is needed to avoid errors caused by shaking. Ensuring a ‘one-direction path’ - The detection area must ensure that cameras capture the full faces of all those passing by or stopping, and obstacles should be avoided in the field of view, such as glass doors that block the camera. Adequate start-up and usage - A waiting time of more than 90 minutes is required for preheating, after the initial start-up. Before conducting a thermal scan, people should be given three to five minutes to allow their body temperature to stabilise. When Hikvision MinMoe facial recognition terminals are used, people must stand at a fixed distance, pass one by one, make a short stop, and face the camera directly. Hikvision cameras support efficient group screening, but one-by-one screening is suggested for more accurate results, says Mr. Li. Unstable environmental condition An unstable environmental condition may affect the accuracy of thermal camera systems Environmental factors can impact the accuracy of thermal cameras, and the idea of using a black body is to provide the camera with a reference point that has a stable temperature. The black body is heated to a specific temperature and helps the thermal camera to know how much error is caused by environmental factors in the room, and how the camera should calibrate itself in real time to improve its accuracy. A black body can help increase the temperature measurement accuracy, and the most common improvement is from ±0.5 degrees to ±0.3 degrees. However, it also increases the cost of the installation. In some markets, customers may require black bodies in order to comply with regulatory accuracy requirements. An unstable environmental condition may affect the accuracy of thermal camera systems for measuring temperature. Medical temperature measurement Therefore, Hikvision suggests that the ambient conditions should be met for installation and use. First of all, users should avoid installing devices in hot or changeable environments. All cameras require indoor environments with calm air, consistent temperature and no direct sunlight. Installation should also be avoided in semi-open locations that may be prone to changes in ambient conditions, such as doorways, and there should be enough stable, visible light. All devices should be installed to avoid backlighting, high temperature targets, and reflections in the field of view as far as possible. “We often see the misconception that thermal cameras can replace medical temperature measurement equipment, which is not the case,” says Mr. Li. Rapid preliminary screening “Temperature screening thermographic cameras are designed for the detection of skin-surface temperatures, and the measurement should be conducted to achieve rapid preliminary screening in public areas. It is really important that actual core body temperatures are measured subsequently with clinical measurement devices.”

The coronavirus pandemic had a monumental impact on all aspects of the business world, including the security industry. However, amid the gloom and doom, many security professionals also saw opportunity: New ways the industry’s products could be applied to address the challenges of coping with the virus. This article will review some of those opportunities, based on our reporting throughout the year and including links back to the original articles. During and after the pandemic, security systems are an important asset when it comes to helping to keep occupants and buildings safe as employees return to work. For example, video analytics can provide insight into how spaces have previously been used and can help to predict where and when occupants encounter each other or congregate. Role of thermal cameras These foot-traffic patterns can inform settings for a variety of devices - like ventilation and temperature controls - and even help owners create social distancing plans and monitor personal protective equipment (PPE) compliance. Thermal surveillance, a mainstay of traditional physical security and outdoor perimeter detection, began being deployed early in the pandemic to quickly scan employees, contractors and visitors as part of a first line of defence to detect COVID-19 symptoms. These systems provide flexibility and can offer integrations with multiple VMS platforms and access control devices These systems provide flexibility and can offer integrations with multiple VMS platforms and access control devices. Thermal cameras can be a tool for detecting fever, but any use of the technology for this purpose is full of qualifications and caveats. Importantly, how the camera system is configured makes all the difference in whether temperature readings are accurate, and the downside of inaccurate readings is obvious - and potentially deadly. Temperature detection systems FDA guidelines limit how the cameras are used, not to mention guidance from other regulatory/government bodies such as the CDC. One of our Expert Roundtable panelists compares the market to a “wild west scenario,” and almost all the panelists are clear about how customers should approach the market: Buyer beware. There are many companies jumping into selling temperature detection systems to the state, local governments, hospitals, airports and local businesses, but do they know how to drive one? Anyone can get behind a car and drive it into a wall by accident. The same can happen with a temperature detection system. Customers need to know what questions to ask to ensure they maximise the accuracy of body temperature detection systems. Rise of contactless Spread of the novel coronavirus has jolted awareness of hygiene as it relates to touching surfaces such as keypads. No longer in favor are contact-based modalities including use of personal identification numbers (PINs) and keypads, and the shift has been sudden and long-term. Both customers and manufacturers were taken by surprise by this aspect of the virus’s impact and are therefore scrambling for solutions. Immediate impact of the change includes suspension of time and attendance systems that are touch-based Immediate impact of the change includes suspension of time and attendance systems that are touch-based. Some two-factor authentication systems are being downgraded to RFID-only, abandoning the keypad and/or biometric components that contributed to higher security, but are now unacceptable because they involve touching. "Users do not want to touch anything anymore,” says Alex Zarrabi, President of Touchless Biometrics Systems (TBS). Facial recognition system Another contactless system that benefits from concerns about spread of COVID-19 is facial recognition. New advancement in software, specifically in the areas of algorithms, neural networks and deep learning and/or artificial intelligence (AI), have all dramatically improved both the performance and accuracy of facial recognition systems, further expanding its use for an increasing number of applications. A low-tech solution - the face mask - became a leading preventative measure during the pandemic. But, a high-tech solution is necessary to ensure that everyone is wearing them. Cameras powered by artificial intelligence can now identify whether or not people entering a facility are wearing facemasks and help enforce adherence to mask mandates. This technology is proving to be a cost-effective solution that reduces risks of confrontations over masks policies and gives managers the data they need to document regulatory compliance and reduce liability. Smart video analytics Other technology approaches, including artificial intelligence (AI), were also brought to bear during the pandemic. The German data analytics powerhouse G2K, for example, has developed a Corona Detection and Containment System (CDCS) that is ready for immediate use in record time. Detection takes place in combination with AI-supported data analysis to specifically identify virus hotspots and distribution routes, as well as to identify other potentially infected persons. One specific AI application fuels the reopening of the world and successfully keeps the spread of the virus abated One specific AI application fuels the reopening of the world and successfully keeps the spread of the virus abated. A “collaborative security” application includes a synthesis of smart video analytics, facial recognition, object identification/detection, and thermal cameras that can support the reopening of businesses globally when installed within those facilities frequented by customers. Enforcing social distancing Several applications have been successful to date and will increase in usability in the foreseeable future, creating “smart cities” working together towards a safer, more secure world. The site of one pilot programme is the 250,000-square-foot HID Global facility in Austin. For the pilot programme, 80 HID Location Services readers were installed in a wide area in the facility, including a variety of environments. Initially 30 badges and 30 fobs, all BLE-enabled, were issued to employees. If a badge identifies another nearby beacon (suggesting a social distancing failure), it emits a blinking LED light, which can be seen by the offending co-worker. To ensure social distancing, a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacon is emitted from an employee’s fob (or from a badge that has the same functionality). The beacon communicates peer-to-peer with a beacon emitted by another employee’s fob or badge to alert if the location of the two employees is less than six feet apart. For contact tracing, the beacons communicate via a nearby “reader” (a BluFi BLE-to-Wi-Fi gateway) to the Bluzone cloud-based software-as-a-service. COVID-19 white papers In addition, we published several White Papers in 2020 that addressed various aspects of the coronavirus pandemic. They included: The top five security lessons learned that apply across all industries navigating COVID-19. Using video analytics to keep staff, visitors and customers safe by enforcing social distancing. How antimicrobial treatment on door handles and levers can reduce disease spread. How companies can put in extra precautions that will continue to grow and adapt with their environment over the long-term. Determining the practicalities and capabilities of today's thermal cameras to accurately detect body temperature.

Sooner or later (hopefully sooner), the novel coronavirus global pandemic will allow workplaces to reopen. But as we move into this recovery phase, there are many questions surrounding the transition. How can companies ensure facilities are in acceptable working order to reopen? How do they decide who is coming back and when? How will social distancing impact the operation of a company’s physical access control system? How can companies ensure that both visitors and employees are aware of the policy changes and extra controls? For answers to these and other salient questions, we called on Ian Lowe, Product Marketing Director of HID SAFE Identity and Access Management (IAM) solutions. “There’s no doubt about it: the global pandemic will change the way we live, work, and conduct business for some time,” says Lowe. “Over the past several weeks, we have been working with customers to enable a safe return to the workplace. We have observed that the number of challenges in the mid-to-long-term level and the associated complexity vary by location.” Lowe shares some of the proactive measures and best practices that can assist in a safe return to the workplace as we settle into a “new normal”. Challenge 1: Ensuring building readiness After being unoccupied for weeks or months, building readiness must be addressed completely before welcoming anyone inside. Even though employees may be eager to return, the workplace itself may not be ready. Companies may want to consider continuing remote work while facility operations are prepped. Challenge 2: workforce management There’s no doubt about it: the global pandemic will change the way we live, work, and conduct business for some time While it is dependent on location and industry, taking a phased approach is the best course of action when allowing employees, contractors and visitors back into facilities. First, facilities management will want to survey the property for readiness and then provide an estimate as to when employees may begin reporting back into the office. Next, it’s important to consider that office density needs are interrelated to the facility architecture. It is possible to accommodate a higher capacity of workforce in an airy, open office space than in a constrained one. A good rule of thumb is to start by introducing no more than 30% of employees back into the workplace at first. This could be a rolling group model in which the population total remains controlled and constant, but specific individuals vary from day to day. This option is good for a workforce that needs to be together in person but not necessarily all at the same time due to office density concerns. Welcoming visitors or customers into the office should be delayed as long as possible. If that’s not feasible, visitor numbers should be factored into the total density count. A cloud-based visitor management system can help with implementation. Challenge 3: Controlling access The ability to vet staff, employees, contractors and visitors before and during the return will vary greatly depending on the location. Policies should be implemented that require employees to be screened regularly — and for an extended amount of time. Look to answer the following questions: Where have you visited in the days since last entering the workplace? Have you come into contact with anyone else who has recently visited high-risk areas? Have you shown any symptoms of infection in the past xx number of days? Policies should be implemented that require employees to be screened regularly — and for an extended amount of time If there is cause for concern, refuse the visitor and/or supplement the screening process with additional steps. Temperature checking is mandatory in many organisations⁠— often multiple times a day. This applies to interactions at delivery bays, too. A policy-based physical identity and access management solution integrated with existing physical access controls makes it possible to enforce, monitor and report this type of activity. Challenge 4: Social distancing and contact tracing plan Social distancing may continue within the office, which will impact restrictions and guidelines related to access control. The office layout may be reworked for proper distance between cubicles, workplace positions and employees. Specific entrances, exits and pathways may be designated as one-way-only. Assigning Bluetooth LE beacons to employees once they are inside the workplace will allow companies to monitor proximity to others and measure localised density in real-time⁠ by using location services, contact tracing, and surge response technologies. Challenge 5: Reduced physical touchpoints Contactless technologies can help enforce social distancing and reduce touchpoints on common surfaces Reducing the number of physical touchpoints is desirable throughout a workplace. Contactless technologies can help enforce social distancing and reduce touchpoints on common surfaces such as faucets, doorknobs, coffee pot handles, etc. While introducing additional security checks and screenings, it’s important to not increase touchpoints and further infection risks. There have been more requests for a contactless experience to secure workplace access, including automatic doors and turnstiles, contactless cards and mobile access. Challenge 6: Communicating for confidence Proactive communication is key to provide reassurance that appropriate safety measures have been taken and that both visitors and employees are aware of the policy changes and extra controls. Equally important is to communicate a policy change – and the reasoning behind it – before it happens. While there may not be an exact expiration date on these new policies, ensuring that impacted individuals will have a safer experience is universally appreciated.

The slit lamp examination is one of the most important diagnostic techniques in ophthalmology. It enables a detailed examination of the anterior, middle and posterior segment of the eye. Ophthalmologists can use it to recognise the smallest changes, anomalies or damage. This procedure is used for the early detection and monitoring of the progression of eye diseases such as corneal injuries, eye infections, retinal detachment or macular degeneration. However, the eye with its fast movements is a challenging subject to photograph; motion blur and shaking are typical image errors. IDS USB3 Vision industrial camera OCULUS Optikgeräte GmbH develops instruments for eye diagnostics for ophthalmologists To facilitate diagnostics for ophthalmologists and opticians, improve the workflow and at the same time shorten examination times, fast and reliable slit lamp documentation systems are required. They must provide meaningful images and be designed to be user-friendly and ergonomic. The German company OCULUS Optikgeräte GmbH develops instruments for eye diagnostics for ophthalmologists, optometrists and opticians. Part of the extensive portfolio: one of the world's smallest and lightest image documentation systems for slit lamps. A powerful, high-resolution USB3 Vision industrial camera from IDS is integrated, especially for applications in medical technology and microscopy. Efficient system The OCULUS ImageCam®3 universal slit lamp image documentation system is not only intuitive and easy to use, but also sets high standards in digital slit lamp photography. This includes an outstanding field of view that enables highly precise diagnoses of the anterior, middle and posterior segments of the eye. The images are captured by a particularly low-light, high-performance IDS camera from the USB3 uEye+ CP family. OCULUS ImageCam® 3 OCULUS ImageCam® 3 makes this possible without any loss of quality "Only a fast camera delivers low-noise images in the difficult recording situations at the eye," explains Michael Moos, Product Manager at OCULUS, the choice of camera model. Another important requirement criterion is speed. "The advanced camera features enable continuous shooting at up to 60 frames per second. Among other things, these series recordings make it possible to record the eye during breaks in movement. The innovative frame-out-of-video function enables simple documentation of the entire examination process at the slit lamp, whereby the best quality individual images can then be selected for evaluation," says Michael Moos. The OCULUS ImageCam® 3 makes this possible without any loss of quality while minimising the time required. Powerful camera The IDS camera from the CP family is predestined for use in medical technology, as it offers extensive pixel pre-processing and has an internal 120 MB image memory for buffering image sequences. This enables a high data rate of 420 MByte/s, low CPU load and easy integration. The Sony Pregius IMX265 in the model used here is considered one of the best CMOS image sensors in the 3 MP class. The USB3 Vision industrial camera U3-3270CP Rev.2.2 with the 1/1.8" global shutter sensor thus achieves a resolution of 3.19 megapixels (2064 x 1544 px). IDS test camera functions The IDS camera from the CP family is predestined for use in medical technology "In this case, however, the image is scaled down using AOI in order to achieve a significantly higher frame rate," explains Phillip Schissler, Sales Manager Medical and Microscopy at IDS. OCULUS has integrated the camera with the IDS peak software development kit. "IDS peak allows users to test camera functions in detail and optimise them for your own applications," says the IDS Medical expert. Decisive selection criterion for the model However, the camera is not only recommended for medical technology and microscopy in terms of sensitivity, dynamic range and linearity.  In addition to the required light intensity and speed, the size of the camera was also a decisive selection criterion for the model. At around 50 grams, the camera's small 29 x 29 x 29 millimetre magnesium housing is as light as it is robust, underlining its suitability for space-critical applications. Facilitated slit lamp diagnostics A beam splitter divides the light between the camera and the eyepiece of the slit lamp To deliver optimum diagnostic images, the system includes a high-quality beam splitter in addition to the camera. A beam splitter divides the light between the camera and the eyepiece of the slit lamp to simultaneously illuminate and view the eye, allowing a detailed examination of each eye segment. The beam splitter of the OCULUS system has a purely mechanical iris diaphragm that significantly increases the depth of field, regardless of the position of the pathological findings. It can also be adapted to all commercially available slit lamps. Highest quality standards in laboratory and diagnostics "The camera unit and the beam splitter are extremely small and light. This means in daily practice: It is barely noticeable, is very easy to attach and delivers images like no other in this size. This makes daily slit lamp diagnostics easier in the truest sense of the word," says the manufacturer. In terms of image quality, reliability and long-term availability, IDS stands for the highest quality standards in laboratory and diagnostics. Benefit from the image documentation system The slit lamp photos of the OCULUS ImageCam® 3 help factual documentation of eye states The slit lamp photos of the OCULUS ImageCam® 3 enable objective documentation of eye conditions in order to monitor the progress of diseases and compare treatments. Patients also benefit from the image documentation system. The visual references of the diagnosis created in this way help them to better understand their state of health and the doctors' treatment plan. The medical findings can be saved and archived accordingly. Outlook Innovative image processing systems such as OCULUS ImageCam®, which use powerful industrial cameras to deliver informative, high-contrast images with a high depth of field, help to improve diagnostic accuracy, efficiency and patient care in ophthalmology. Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being integrated into the analysis of slit lamp images in order to automatically recognise diseases, support diagnostic decisions, improve the workflow for doctors and develop new treatment methods. Further development of technologies The company develops first-class instruments for eye diagnostics for this clearly defined group of users The company OCULUS Optikgeräte GmbH has been a partner for ophthalmologists, optometrists and opticians worldwide for 125 years. The company develops first-class instruments for eye diagnostics for this clearly defined group of users. The measure of all things is the high demands of customers and the continuous further development of technologies. Over 55% of OCULUS' sales are realised in foreign markets.  OCULUS customers' service More than 400 employees work at the OCULUS headquarters. More than 60 % of them work in research and development, production and customer service. With 12 company-owned subsidiaries and more than 200 wholesalers in over 80 countries, OCULUS is at its customers' service around the globe. Founded in 1895, the family business is now jointly managed by the third and fourth generations. 

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are essential for storing renewable energy and ensuring grid stability. However, their implementation comes with inherent risks, particularly related to lithium-ion battery fires. BESS fires can start from thermal runaway, where one cell failure can trigger a cascade of overheating, leading to fires that are difficult to extinguish and can last for hours or even days. Should a fire breakout, hazardous gases would release from the batteries, posing health risks to nearby communities and causing environmental damage through soil and water contamination. Traditional detection methods BESS fires have the potential for huge disruptions to locals via property damage and even evacuations In severe cases, BESS fires have the potential for huge disruptions to locals through property damage and even evacuations. Traditional detection methods such as flame detectors often fail in the early stages of a BESS fire due to their reliance on visible flames or smoke, which might not be immediately present. Where flame detectors fall short, thermal imaging cameras can significantly improve protection and prevent fires before they ever reach combustion. Advantages of thermal cameras for BESS Thermal cameras detect the heat signature from the onset of thermal runaway long before visible flames or smoke appear, allowing for preemptive action to mitigate risks. While flame detectors react to events that have already happened, a fixed thermal camera such as the FLIR A700F Advance Smart Sensor provides 24/7 surveillance by continuously monitoring for temperature anomalies that could indicate an impending fire, thus enabling early intervention. FLIR cameras are designed for easy integration into broader safety and control systems, allowing for automated responses such as activating suppression systems that enhance response times and efficiency. Comparison with other detection methods FLIR thermal imaging cameras can detect heat in low light and see the start of embers as they heat up While flame detectors are designed to detect visible fire, they may miss smouldering or hidden fires—meaning an alert may not be tripped until the fire has escalated to a dangerous level. FLIR thermal imaging cameras can detect heat in low light and see the beginnings of embers as they heat up surrounding materials, even when there's no visible sign of fire.  This early detection can prevent escalation or at least minimise damage by providing critical time for action before fires get out of control. Another advantage of thermal cameras is their ability to monitor large areas or multiple battery racks simultaneously, providing comprehensive coverage which is often challenging for point-specific flame detectors. Conclusion Incorporating FLIR thermal monitoring into BESS installations not only addresses the critical safety concerns associated with battery fires but also offers a proactive, reliable, and technologically advanced solution. By choosing a FLIR fixed thermal solution, they ensure that the energy storage systems are safeguarded with the industry's pioneering thermal imaging technology, protecting both the investment and the community from the devastating effects of BESS fires.

Founded in 2020 by a team of energy professionals in Milan, Sunprime is a fast-growing independent renewable energy producer that develops sustainable photovoltaic plants across Italy. Their focus is mainly commercial and industrial (C&I) segment, ground-mounted systems on industrial land and industrial electricity storage systems. Challenges With global initiatives toward green sustainability and carbon neutrality, the demand for photovoltaic power generation construction is growing rapidly. Sunprime's project pipeline currently consists of several projects, many of which are located in very remote and often unattended areas (e.g., Maleo, Lodi Province), making it vulnerable to thieves that steal valuable cables and panels. Securing the vast area of photovoltaic plants requires a comprehensive surveillance system that can monitor the site at all times.  Solution Dahua and Sunprime enabled the project team to come up with an effective design The technical and commercial partnership between Dahua and Sunprime enabled the project team to come up with an effective design, implement cutting-edge technologies and pay great attention to the positioning of the cameras.  In order to safeguard one of the client’s solar power plants covering approximately 70,000 m2, more than 1,500 hybrid cameras (thermal cameras + traditional cameras) equipped with AI algorithms were deployed around the area, actively monitoring for potential intrusion 24/7. Advanced AI algorithms These state-of-the-art Dahua products can stably operate even under harsh weather conditions, making them ideal for outdoor applications. They are equipped with advanced AI algorithms capable of generating accurate alarms while filtering out false positives, which makes monitoring more efficient and more convenient for the client. Dahua AirShield wireless alarm system The signals are managed by row of switches and transmitted to high-resolution recorders In addition, through fibre optics, the video steam from the cameras are sent to the technical rooms in the solar park via Dahua’s industrial switches. The signals are then managed by another row of switches and finally transmitted to high-resolution recorders.  The Dahua AirShield wireless alarm system was also installed in each technical room in the park, providing another level of protection for the central equipment. What’s more, all the systems of Sunprime’s solar parks are now centralised through local routers thanks to the Dahua DSS management software installed in the surveillance operations centre. Results Sunprime’s solar power plant has witnessed how Dahua’s thermal perimeter protection solution can be utilised to safeguard its property and assets located in remote and secluded areas. In addition to early business communication, Dahua has assisted Sunprime from pre-sale stage to the implementation of the products, with plans and designs based on the actual needs of the customer. The high-quality service offered by Dahua has gained praised from the client. “The implementation of this type of systems was made possible thanks to the support of the Dahua projects department, which assisted us from the pre-sale stage up to the implementation of the products,” says Mr. Michele Vianello, Asset Manager at Sunprime. “I take this opportunity to once again thank them for their support throughout the entire project,” he added. After the successful completion of this project on the first site, Dahua has secured new projects for another 80 sites with approximately 20 thermal imaging cameras for each site, generating a total supply of 1,600 thermal imaging cameras.

There are well over 1,200 road tunnels in Norway. Camera-based incident detection is the preferred way to keep these tunnels safe and support tunnel operators in organising a fast incident response. Camera-based detection Gradually introduced since the nineties, camera-based detection is well established. Both visual and thermal imaging cameras have proven to be a fail-proof solution for 24/7 automatic incident detection inside tunnels. With the latest camera technology upgrade of the Damsgård Tunnel in Bergen, Norway is premiering AI-enhanced dual-vision cameras as a new evolution in incident detection. Damsgård Tunnel technology upgrade In 2024, the tunnel will undergo a comprehensive technology upgrade, with the replacement The Damsgård Tunnel is part of Norwegian National Road 555, which runs from Fjell to the city center of Bergen. The road tunnel opened in 1992 and has two tubes of around 2.3 kilometers in length, each carrying two lanes of traffic through the Damsgårdsfjellet mountain.In 2024, the tunnel will undergo a comprehensive technology upgrade, with the replacement of ventilation systems, lighting, drainage, and camera technology. AI-enhanced dual-vision cameras Unique to this project is that, for the first time in Norway, AI-enhanced dual-vision cameras will be used. The traffic cameras from sensor specialist FLIR combine thermal and visual imaging technology in a ruggedised housing and rely on advanced deep learning algorithms that enable the camera to detect stopped vehicles, wrong-way drivers, queues, crossing pedestrians, and even smoke and fires in their early stages. Approximately 80 FLIR cameras are scheduled for installation in the second half of the year. The history of tunnel incident detection in Norway The Damsgård tunnel upgrade is another milestone in Norway’s long-standing efforts to secure the country’s vast number of tunnels. Due to Norway’s complex landscape, with fjords, mountains, and islands, road tunnels have always been a way to solve the region’s unique transportation challenges. Norway has embraced the use of automatic incident detection in its road tunnels ever since the technology came into being, with FLIR setting the pace of this evolution since the beginning. In 1995, FLIR cameras were already used in the 1,500-meter-long Ekeberg Tunnel near Oslo. FLIR automatic incident detection system In 2004, a European directive on road tunnel safety prompted the roll-out of incident detection systems In August 1996, when a bus stopped and caught fire in that tunnel, the FLIR automatic incident detection system generated an alert to the tunnel operators, enabling them to close the tunnel entries and exits and activate warnings to oncoming motorists. In 2004, a European directive on road tunnel safety prompted the roll-out of incident detection systems in tunnels continent-wide and since then the technology evolution has not stopped. Visual and thermal incident detection Initially, visual CCTV cameras were used to detect incidents. The technology enabled first response teams to be deployed minutes, even seconds after an incident or an irregularity (a fallen object, a pedestrian, a car slowing down) was detected. About ten years ago, FLIR introduced thermal incident detection cameras in tunnels. These cameras are established as critical assets that guarantee operators' accurate detection throughout the tunnel infrastructure. 24/7 traffic detection  The use of thermal imaging cameras has especially proven valuable for tunnel entrances and exits. There, shadows or direct sunlight can obstruct the view of visible-light cameras and therefore disturb traffic detection. Because thermal cameras detect heat, not light, they have no issues with these phenomena. As a result, thermal cameras can detect traffic 24/7 and in all weather conditions. Fire detection FLIR thermal cameras can also spot fires at the stage of ignition, making them the fastest One of the biggest advantages of thermal cameras in the field of tunnel safety is that they can effectively see through smoke. This makes them the ideal technology for tunnel safety operators or emergency response teams to find their way through a smoke-filled tunnel or for incident detection systems to spot issues in time. FLIR thermal cameras can also spot fires at the stage of ignition, making them the fastest and most reliable technology for fire detection inside road tunnels. The role of dual-vision cameras Both visual and thermal cameras have their merits. A visual camera may provide operators with more detail to assess the nature of an incident, while thermal cameras have proven to be unbeatable in detecting incidents in complete darkness and challenging weather conditions. Currently, both detection technologies can be combined into one system, hereby offering operators a more comprehensive view of the environment and improved accuracy compared to single-sensor systems. FLIR’s TrafiBot Dual AI camera is an example of such a combined system. ITS-Series Dual AID cameras In 2018, FLIR’s ITS-Series Dual AID cameras were installed at the entrance and exit of the Lyderhorn Tunnel near Bergen. In 2021, technology integrator Trafsys also installed 332 of FLIR’s dual-vision cameras in the Hundvåg and Eiganes tunnels, which are part of the extensive Ryfast project. The cameras’ fire detection functionality proved effective when a car fire occurred in the Hundvåg tunnel in July 2020; the FLIR ITS dual thermal AID camera detected the fire within 7 seconds of visible flames, following an initial alert for a stopped vehicle and pedestrians. Artificial Intelligence in incident detection AI algorithms embedded in the FLIR camera analyse captured images in real-time and full-resolution FLIR’s TrafiBot Dual AI, installed in the above-mentioned Damsgård Tunnel announces a new wave of incident detection cameras. The camera also combines a visual and a thermal camera in one unit, but what makes it stand out is the use of artificial intelligence and deep learning. AI algorithms embedded in the FLIR camera analyse captured images in real-time and full resolution. This latest addition to FLIR’s portfolio of AI cameras is setting a new standard for automatic incident detection in tunnels, generating extremely accurate traffic data, incident detection information, and live track data. Video image analysation Of course, analytics on traffic cameras are not new. Early cameras from decades ago already used some form of AI. So, what’s the difference with this new generation of AI cameras? Much has to do with how detection systems analyse video images. Early generations of smart cameras analysed the variation of gray levels in groups of pixels in successive video frames. Smart predictions When a vehicle enters a detection zone, the pixel value within that zone changes, and detection is activated. AI systems, however, look at the entire camera image and use object detection techniques to analyse the traffic scene. This results in much better presence detection, better classification of traffic users, and the ability to determine position, speed, and direction. These new AI systems can handle more complex traffic situations and they are much better at making smart predictions. Identification and classification of objects Computing speeds have increased, hardware prices dropped, and the exponential growth of data has worked It’s not hard to see where this is coming from. Over the past decades, computing speeds have increased, hardware prices dropped, and the exponential growth of data has worked as fuel for making AI better and more efficient. Instead of rule-based analytics—if x happens, then y—data-based systems are now in the lead. These systems can be trained on large datasets of images and learn how to identify and classify objects in an image. They use this knowledge to make decisions based on new images that they have never seen before. Benefits of AI-based detection systems AI-powered detection systems are much more accurate than their non-AI alternatives. For tunnel operators, this is a big deal. Nothing is a bigger nuisance for control room operators than having to pay attention to continuous unwanted alarms. AI can help filter out unwanted alarms by distinguishing between routine activity, weather phenomena, and actual incidents. High performance As an important aspect of their accuracy, AI-based systems are much more successful in detecting different vehicle classes. Detectors from FLIR will easily distinguish between a car and a van, or between a small and a large truck. It’s even possible to train a system to detect specific objects or incidents. And because cameras are so smart, installers nowadays are more flexible in installing their equipment. Even in less ideal camera positions, the detection performance of AI-based systems is high. Vehicle parameters Based on vehicle parameters such as speed and direction, they can easily see where a car is going FLIR’s AI detectors can also predict vehicle trajectories. Based on vehicle parameters such as speed and direction, they can easily see where a car is going, even if for part of that trajectory the view of that car is occluded by a passing truck. This makes detection much faster and more accurate. Operators can even be warned by so-called pre-alarms for cars that are slowing down and likely to cause a collision. Reduces human monitoring For traffic or security operators, AI offers many benefits. Since incidents can be detected much faster and with more accuracy, operators will be able to make better-informed decisions, especially in high-stress situations, and they will be able to deploy emergency teams more quickly. AI will also reduce the need for constant human monitoring, allowing operators to focus on other tasks.AI will benefit traffic planners too. Data collected from a camera can be analysed over time to identify trends, patterns, or areas with a higher potential for incidents. This can be valuable for proactive traffic planning, infrastructure improvements, or for overall risk management. Data as the cornerstone of AI performance AI-based detection systems will become the norm very swiftly. Since these systems depend on massive data sets, it’s easy to understand that the detection performance will soon be determined by the quality of the data it is trained with. High-performance systems will need a lot of data for training—in case video images of traffic—but not just any data that has been plucked from the internet will do. Challenges with publicly available datasets The problem with that approach is that, more often than not, publicly available datasets are limited Some camera manufacturers rely on publicly available datasets to train their AI systems. The problem with that approach is that, more often than not, these datasets are limited or of low quality. For example, internet data sets hardly have any thermal images, traffic images are mostly collected during sunny weather or friendly daytime conditions, and they are often taken from useless angles. FLIR model and prediction AI-based products from FLIR, on the other hand, are trained on datasets that have been collected in-house, over more than 30 years, with data samples that are relevant for practically any traffic scene you can think of. What’s more, FLIR’s datasets are continuously growing and with it the quality of its models and predictions. For FLIR, data is the true quality mark which stands for high-performance, accurate traffic detection. The future is AI Norway and FLIR share an interesting history of evolving incident detection technology. A lot has changed since the installation of the first FLIR automatic incident detection system in the Ekeberg tunnel in 1995. Currently, incident detection systems combine multiple sensors—visual and thermal—and, most importantly, they use AI, which enables them to improve their detection performance over time with every new video image they process. Artificial intelligence has a promising future in incident detection. Norwegian tunnels, and the average daily traffic of 40,000 vehicles in the Damsgård Tunnel, will only benefit from it.

Many of us take critical infrastructure for granted in our everyday lives. We turn on a tap, flip a switch, push a button, and water, light, and heat are all readily available. But it is important to remember that computerised systems manage critical infrastructure facilities, making them vulnerable to cyber-attacks. The recent ransomware attack on the Colonial Pipeline is an example of the new types of threats. In addition, any number of physical attacks is also possibilities. We asked this week’s Expert Panel Roundtable: What are the security challenges of protecting critical infrastructure?

Large public events were out of the question during the depths of the pandemic. However, public events are likely to experience a resurgence along with a more optimistic outlook in the coming months. In addition, there will likely be pent-up enthusiasm for these events among individuals weary from months of isolation. We asked this week’s Expert Panel Roundtable: What are the security challenges of public events planners in 2021?

In the past few weeks, the light at the end of the COVID-19 tunnel has brightened, providing new levels of hope that the worst of the pandemic is behind us. Dare we now consider what life will be like after the pandemic is over? Considering the possible impact on our industry, we asked this week’s Expert Panel Roundtable: Which security technologies will be most useful in a post-pandemic world?